Propagation Possibilities of Commercially Important Plants through Tissue Culture Techniques

Abstract

Propagation of s ome com mercial pl ants having di fficulty i n rep roductions by see d or ve getative p ropagules conventionally is established by in vitro tissue cultures techniques. The techniques such as micropropagation provide fast methods for production of a large number of uniform plantlets in a short time.
As compared with conventional propagation methods, different culture techniques have many advantages such as a rapid propagation of valuable genotypes, production of disease-free plants, non-seasonal production during all the year and germplasm conservation.Techniques us ed to propa gate com mercially im portant pl ants in vitro are relations with ax illary b ranching,adventitious sh oot fo rmation and so matic e mbryogenesis. Mo st co mmercial micropropagated plants are d erived fro m axillary shoot form ations. Recently bior eactors including liquid c ulture media have been designed for multiplication of
plants because of their advantages of scaling up and automation.Tissue culture techniques used for propagation of many commercial plants have a few limitations such as high cost of p roduction, re quirement o f high t echnology an d e ducated st aff, som aclonal variation risks o n cl ones during cul ture,
difficulties on development of a protocol for recalcitrant plants etc.In vitro p ropagated plants under aseptic and highly p rotected conditions need an acclimation period for ex vitro conditions. Many ornamentals, fruit rootstocks, woody species, industrial, medicinal crops, and also the other plants have
been propagated through tissue culture techniques successfully and transferred to ex vitro conditions for many years.The m icropropagation indus try in Turk ey i s a growi ng sect or wi th a dvantages suc h as lowe r labor cost and advanced knowledge of the academicians.